Ah if your instance is behind a NAT in your local network, then you have to forward a few ports from your router to the internal Cloudron server. 443 and 80 are basically the bare minimum. You can get some overview at https://docs.cloudron.io/security/#cloud-firewall
Further as @girish recommended, disable the cloudflare proxying at first until you managed to get it working without it. Just to rule out one possible point of failure.
The DNS records values in your case would be the public IP of your router. Then with the portforwarding rules, the connections will reach your internal Cloudron server. In case you are on an ISP connection where the IP might change on reconnect, you can consider using the dyndns feature of Cloudron.